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《巴黎协定》有哪些干货?

2015-12-14 09:28来源:英文联播作者:小英君关键词:温室气体排放巴黎协定巴黎气候大会收藏点赞

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名词辨析

绝对减排(Absolute Emission Reduction)与排放强度(Emissions Intensity )

绝对减排是对二氧化碳和其他温室气体排放的量化,排放强度则指每单位经济产出的排放量。对于发展中国家来说,降低了排放强度,即每生产一个经济产品,排放的温室气体减少了,但因为经济总体处于大发展阶段,总体的排放仍然在增加,并将于某一年达到峰值。这与发达国家要承担的绝对数量减排有区别。

国际合作,两个手段

国际可转让与非市场手段

Parties shall, where engaging on a voluntary basis in cooperative approaches that involve the use of internationally transferred mitigation outcomes towards nationally determined contributions, promote sustainable development and ensure environmental integrity and transparency.

各方应在自愿基础上使用国际性可转让减排成果,以实现国别贡献,促进可持续发展并确保环境数据诚实透明。

Parties recognize the importance of integrated, holistic and balanced non-market approaches being available to Parties to assist in the implementation of their nationally determined contributions...including through, inter alia, mitigation, adaptation, finance, technology transfer and capacity-building, as appropriate.

各方认识到统一、整体、平衡的非市场手段可用于帮助各方履行国别排放贡献……包括适宜的减缓、顺应、融资、技术转让和能力建设。

除了自己加紧减排,还有什么国际合作的手段呢?第一是市场手段。比方说,我比较穷,有减排份额排不完,我就卖给你,你把我的份额用了,拿出钱来帮助我发展绿色经济,这时市场的方法。第二是非市场手段。

顺应气候首先要顺应实际

Parties acknowledge that adaptation action should follow a ry-driven, gender-responsive, participatory and fully transparent approach, taking into consideration vulnerable groups, communities and ecosystems, and should be based on and guided by the best available science and, as appropriate, traditional knowledge, knowledge of indigenous peoples and local knowledge systems, with a view to integrating adaptation into relevant socioeconomic and environmental policies and actions.

各方承认顺应行为应以国家为基础,考虑性别因素,鼓励参与及保证透明。考虑到弱势群体、社区和生态系统,以最可行的科技和最适宜的传统知识、当地经验为基础,旨在把顺应行为整合到相关的社会经济和环境政策及行为中去。

不可避免的究竟不可避免,不仅要减缓,还要顺应。和人类在冰河时期死伤大半不同,现在这种顺应有更多的伦理和科学考虑,其中最重要一点,就是要结合当地实际情况。

谁应该拿钱?

Developed ry Parties shall provide financial resources to assist developing ry Parties with respect to both mitigation and adaptation in continuation of their existing obligations under the Convention.

发达国家应向发展中国家提供财政支持,继续按现有《公约》义务支持其减缓和顺应。

Support, including financial support, shall be provided to developing ry Parties for...strengthening cooperative action on technology development and transfer at different stages of the technology cycle.

应向发展中国家提供财力支持,以在技术周期的不同阶段,强化技术发展和技术转让的合作行为。

原标题:《巴黎协定》有哪些干货?
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