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《垃圾焚烧厂最佳可用技术参考文件》2018年版 4.5章 第一部分(待续) 学习笔记(一)

2020-02-12 11:30来源:无锡华星东方电力环保关键词:烟气净化工艺除尘技术华星东方收藏点赞

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Technical description

4.5.3.5.2 技术说明

Because of the recirculation, the size of the FGC is generally increased to accommodate the

additional volume of recirculating material.

由于再循环,烟气净化系统的选型尺寸通常会放大以满足再循环物料的增量。(如:CFB烟气工艺我们的过滤风速通常会略低)

The technique is particularly beneficial in the case of techniques that operate with a higher stoichiometric excess, and less relevant for the more efficient once-through system in which little unreacted reagent remains without recirculation. Analyses of the FGC residues may be carried out to determine the proportions of reacted and unreacted reagent.

再循环技术对那些本身化学计量比特别高的烟气工艺特别有效,但是对那些单次通过就具有很高反应效率的技术没有作用,因为那类工艺下几乎没什么未反应的吸收剂还残留。(如:湿法洗涤工艺,对于钠碱法是否有需要还不清楚工程反馈数据,今后有纯小苏打干法项目可以试试副产物的成分化验。)可以对烟气净化系统的副产物取样分析以便确定反应完的和未反应完的吸收剂的比例。

The reactivation of unreacted reagents before reuse in the FGC process may take place by:

对未反应的吸收剂在烟气净化系统中在使用前的再活化可以通过以下方式进行:

• water addition and high residue recirculation rates;

通过加水和将副产物的循环倍率调到高倍率;

• low-pressure steam addition and medium residue recirculation rates;

通过加入低压蒸汽并将副产物的循环倍率调到中等倍率;

• maturation of unreacted reagents and fly ash before recirculation into the FGC process.

未反应完的吸收剂和飞灰在循环回烟气净化系统前进行熟化。(熟化是加水吗?不太确定)

Achieved environmental benefits

4.5.3.5.3 获得环境效益

The recirculation of reagents within the system, combined with water/low-pressure steam addition or maturation, has the following advantages:

在系统内的吸收剂再循环,与水/低压蒸汽或熟化相结合,具有以下优势:

• reduced reagent consumption (compared to dry and semi-wet systems);

减少吸收剂的消耗量(与干法和半干法系统相比);

• reduced solid residue production (contains less unreacted reagent);

减少固体副产物的产量(因为包含了更少的未反应的吸收剂);

• improved control of acid gas peaks (the recirculation results in a higher reagent buffer).

提高了对峰值酸性污染物排放的控制(物料循环导致了一个更高的吸收剂缓冲,也就是提高了与酸性气体的接触概率)。

These techniques are reported to be able to cope with the inlet concentrations associated with most waste types, including variable inlet concentrations that may arise for instance when incinerating merchant hazardous wastes.

据报道,这些技术能够处理大部分污染物类型的入口浓度,包括在焚烧商业危险废弃物时可能出现的波动较大的入口污染物浓度。

Environmental performance and operational data

4.5.3.5.4 排放性能和运行数据

Table 4.29: Operational data associated with the use of residue recirculation

Table 4.29: 使用再循环系统相关的运行数据

Reagent injection and residue bleed rates require optimisation to prevent adsorbent loading and eventual substance breakthrough (e.g. mercury and PCDD/F adsorbed on carbon).

吸收剂喷入和副产物排除的速率需要优化,以防止吸收剂的吸附能力过载和最终物质突破(个人理解是吸附饱和,进而超标)(例如:汞和二噁英/呋喃在活性炭上吸附)

Moisture levels require monitoring and control to maintain the acid gas adsorption efficiency. Upstream HCl and SO2 monitoring is used to optimise alkaline reagent/water/low-pressure steam dose rates.

烟气湿度水平需要进行检测和控制以便控制酸性气体的吸收效率。上游的HCL和SO2监测可以用于优化碱性吸收剂/水/低压蒸汽的给料率。

Some parts of the FGC system volume must be larger to incorporate the additionally recirculated material.

烟气净化系统的部分设备选型必须放大以便适应额外的循环物料。(如:布袋除尘器的选型。)

The reduction of emissions to air and emission levels achieved with these processes in combination with a bag filter and addition of reagent, are as follows.

将物料循环工艺与布袋除尘器和添加吸收剂相结合,可以减少空气污染物排放和降低排放水平,具体如下:


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