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案例分享|欧美六国团队用发电细菌处理农村污水

2017-07-03 09:34来源:奥尼卡水处理创新部落作者:瓦村农夫关键词:污水处理污水处理厂水资源管理收藏点赞

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零能耗项目

这个反应系统的流程大致如下:附近小镇的污水收集至一个化粪池,然后流经这个生物滤池(biofilter),经过这个生物反应器的出水能够用于农业灌溉。整套系统的日处理量为25m³。这已经足够覆盖一个小型社区的需求了(小编觉得这里的小型也只是欧洲的小型农村,按照每人日平均200L的用量,这也只是125人的规模,放在中国使用还是需要多加几条线)。

反应系统流程图 | 图源:iMETland

更重要的是,这套系统不需要任何外界能源,这在一些没有电网基础设施的发展中国家来说似乎蛮有吸引力。

西班牙的这个实验污水厂是由Centre for New Water Technologies (CENTA)来运行的,它是一个非营利性研究机构。类似的项目在墨西哥、阿根廷和丹麦同时进行。

Juan José Salas Rodríguez

CENTA研究部主管

“这项技术可以用于世界各地,不仅仅是在塞维利亚附近的这个小镇。”

他还说:“类似技术已经证实在非常寒冷的气候下它还能够顺利运作,不会有什么大问题。别忘了这些能净化污水的微生物是存货在泥土下,所以能够用于低温地区,达到同样的净化效果。”

关于这项技术的更多细节,大家可以参考上边这篇科学文献,另外我也拷贝粘贴一下它的摘要:

文献原文摘要

In this work, we present for the first time the concept of integrating microbial electrochemical technologies (MET) with natural wastewater treatment biofilters used in constructed wetlands (CW) to form METlands. In order to validate this technology, three lab-scale horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF) biofilters, two hosting electroconductive materials and one gravel biofilter (control) were operated for 525 days to define the best design and operational conditions to maximize the removal of wastewater pollutants. Organic loading rates tested ranged from 2 to 24 g BOD5 m−2 d−1 at hydraulic retention times (HRT) from 4 days to as low as 0.5 day, respectively. The electroconductive biofilter showed the best COD and BOD removal rates per volume of bed, achieving mean values of 213 g COD m−3 d−1 and 119 g BOD m−3 d−1 at the lowest HRT (0.5 d). Ammonia and total nitrogen maximum removal efficiencies at 3.4 days of HRT were 97 and 69%, respectively, in the electroconductive biofilter. Bacterial communities were studied by 16S rDNA Illumina sequencing with the aim of understanding the role of the electrically conductive material in ing microbial populations. Deltaproteobacteria (a known electroactive taxon) were enriched in the presence of an electrically conductive bed. Geobacter and Geothrix were the dominant genera in the deeper zone of the electrically conductive bed where oxidation of organic matter occurred. The results suggest that the enhancement in biodegradation rate will significantly reduce the area requirements of classical CW.

效率测试

丹麦团队合照

延伸阅读:

他山之石|发达国家农村污水治理的经验与启示

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