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《垃圾焚烧厂最佳可用技术参考文件》2018年版 4.5章 第一部分(待续) 学习笔记(一)

2020-02-12 11:30来源:无锡华星东方电力环保关键词:烟气净化工艺除尘技术华星东方收藏点赞

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Technical description

4.5.3.6.2 技术说明

Adsorption within the furnace at high temperatures is much more effective for SO2 than for HCl; the main applications are therefore processes with a relatively high SO2 content, e.g. sludge incineration.

[ 74, TWG 2004 ]

在炉内高温情况下,SO2的脱除效率要比HCL高;因此,主要适用于SO2含量相对较高的工艺,如:污泥焚烧。

Achieved environmental benefits

4.5.3.6.3 获得环境效益

Benefits include some reduction of raw gas loads and the reduction of emissions and reagent

consumption associated with the downstream FGC system.

该工艺获得的效益来自于原烟气中的污染物浓度减少导致的下游烟气净化设备的吸收剂消耗减少和污染物排放减少。

Environmental performance and operational data

4.5.3.6.4 排放性能和运行数据

The main advantage of this technique is that it may reduce corrosion problems in the boiler. As

the stoichiometric ratio is relatively high, it does not improve the overall FGC performance. [64, TWG 2003 ]

该技术的额主要优点在于它可以技术那好锅炉的腐蚀问题。因为其化学计量比相当高,所以它不会改善烟气净化系统的整体性能。(我理解是烟气出来的残余钙会进入下游烟气净化系统,导致下游烟气系统不缺钙,性能不会有啥变化和改善。也就是指下游烟气净化系统没什么潜力再可挖了。)

Cross-media effects

4.5.3.6.5 跨介质影响(增加的能源消耗或其他影响)

For this technique, the most significant cross-media effects are:

该技术,最重要的跨介质影响是:

• consumption of reagents in the furnace (but reduced consumption downstream);

炉内吸收剂的消耗量(但是减少了下游烟气设备的吸收剂消耗量);

• effects on the bottom ash quality since salts and the excess reagent are mixed with it;

由于炉内脱酸产生的副产物盐和过量的吸收剂,会混入锅炉底灰;

•changing the composition of the flue-gas (SO2 to HCl ratio) can affect the performance of downstream FGC systems, can alter the PCDD/F profile and can cause corrosion problems in the FGC.

改变了烟气组分(SO2和HCL的比例关系)会影响下游烟气净化系统的运行性能,也会改变二噁英/呋喃的属性和导致烟气净化系统中的腐蚀。(是否是Niro培训是提到的Sox和HCL的比例关系对脱硫效率的影响。详见:4.5.3.7.4,HCL的脱除率可能很低。)

The addition of hydrated lime will not only affect the bottom ash quality, but also the composition and resistivity of the fly ash (i.e. there will be more Ca and more sulphurous compounds and higher dilution of pollutants with an increasing amount of FGC residues). [ 64, TWG 2003 ]

加入消石灰不仅会影响锅炉底灰的品质,也会影响飞灰的组分和电阻率(即烟气净化系统会有更多含钙和更多含硫化合物和更高稀释度污染物的副产物产生)。

Technical considerations relevant to applicability

4.5.3.6.6 技术适用性的考虑

The technique is generally applicable to fluidised bed systems.

该技术通常适用于循环流化床锅炉系统。

Economics

4.5.3.6.7 经济因素

The reduced flue-gas treatment costs need to be considered against the costs of adding the

reagent at the earlier stage.

减少烟气处理的成本需要与上游添加(直接在垃圾中添加)吸收剂的成本相比较。

There are additional capital costs for the provision of reagent injection into the furnace/waste.

提供吸收剂喷入炉膛/垃圾,会产生额外的资金成本。

Driving force for implementation

4.5.3.6.8 实施动力(该技术的优势)

The technique is implemented as a retrofit at existing plants where there is only a limited possibility to increase the acid gas cleaning capacity of the FGC systems.

该技术通常适用于老厂改造,且该厂的烟气净化系统的脱酸能力增加的可能很有限。(个人理解老厂技改没空间,没资金之类的情况下,用用这种工艺。)

Example plants

4.5.3.6.9 工厂案例

SOGAMA, Cerceda (ES) (ES07.1/ES07.2); Area Impianti Bergamo (IT) (IT07); SNB, Moerdijk (NL) (NL06).

索加马,塞尔塞达(西班牙,后面也是用半干法工艺的,且看了一下好像是炉排,不知道是不是后来改造过)(焚烧厂相关参考信息:

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/b01c/d2f354d3bfaba74e2e8669ccc35934b73a3f.pdf

/ry-territories-3/2160-galiza/waste-to-energy/33779-sogama-cerceda-incineration-plant

https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/docgener/evaluation/pdf/projects/sogama_galicia.pdf );

Impianti Bergamo地区(意大利);

SNB, Moerdijk(荷兰)。

Reference literature

4.5.3.6.10 参考文献

[ 1, UBA 2001 ], [ 64, TWG 2003 ]

4.5.3.7 Boiler injection of alkaline reagents (high-temperature injection)

4.5.3.7 炉内喷碱工艺(高温喷射工艺,炉排和回转窑)

Description

4.5.3.7.1 说明

Direct injection of dedicated reagents into the boiler at high temperature, in the boiler post-

combustion area, to achieve partial abatement of the acid gases. Hydrated lime and dolime have been used as reagents.

直接向锅炉的燃烧后区域,在很高的下喷入专用吸收剂,实现酸性气体的部分脱除。消石灰和白云质生石灰(MgO·CaO)通常被用作吸收剂。


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