《垃圾焚烧厂最佳可用技术参考文件》2018年版 4.5章 第一部分（待续） 学习笔记（一）

Technical description

4.5.3.9.2 技术说明

The technique is generally applied as an additional method to control peak concentrations, with

the build-up of a layer of reagent on the bag filters also providing an important buffering effect for reagent fluctuations.

该技术通常作为一种控制峰值浓度的辅助方法使用，通过在滤袋表面形成一层滤饼同时当反应剂波动时，提供了一种重要的缓冲作用。

This technique is not relevant to wet scrubbers as the scrubbing medium is water and the supply of water to a wet scrubber is controlled by the evaporation and bleed rates, not by the raw HCl concentration. [ 64, TWG 2003 ]

该技术与湿法洗涤技术无关，因为洗涤的介质是水，给湿法洗涤塔供水是由蒸发和排放的速率所控制的，而不是依据氯化氢的浓度。（即我们湿法领域通常所说的脱硫是靠的水洗涤烟气中的酸性物质，而不是依靠的吸收剂的浓度多少。先用水洗下来，随后再考吸收剂去中和。）

Just preventing HCl breakthrough is not always sufficient to ensure for all FGC systems that enough reagent is available to also provide for SO2 and/or HF control and, therefore, reduce peak emissions. [7, TWG 2017]-EuLA

仅仅防止HCl的峰值超标并不总是足以确保所有烟气净化系统有足够的试剂可用于控制SO2和/或HF，从而减少峰值排放。

Achieved environmental benefits

4.5.3.9.3 获得环境效益

Benefits of the technique are that:

该技术的好处是：

• peak raw gas loads are anticipated and therefore do not result in elevated emissions to air;

原烟气的峰值（通过设置cems反馈）可以被提前得知，因此不会出现相应的超标排放；

• neutralisation reagent consumption can be reduced by matching the demand;

脱酸的中和剂的耗量可以通过匹配需要量来减少。

• the amount of unused reagent in residues is reduced.

副产物中未使用的吸收剂的数量减少。

These environmental benefits are highest where waste quality control at the input to the furnace is limited, and lower where wastes are homogenised and subjected to good-quality control by means of ion, mixing or pretreatment operations.

这些环境效益是最高的，因为入炉的垃圾质量得到了控制，通过分选，混合或预处理操作使得垃圾均质化，从而得到更好的品质管理。

Smaller plants may benefit the most as rogue waste inputs can exert a larger influence on smaller throughput systems.

小型焚烧厂的得益是最大的，因为较小吞吐量的系统对垃圾的品质波动影响最大。

Environmental performance and operational data

4.5.3.9.4 排放性能和运行数据

The response time of the monitor needs to be fast to pass the control signal to the reagent dosing

equipment in time to provide an effective response.

在线监测的反馈速度要求及时快速地把信号传输给吸收剂给料设备，从而提供有效分反馈。

Where the monitors are located upstream of the FGC system, their resistance to corrosion is essential because of the extremely aggressive environment. Fouling can also be a problem.

当在线监测位于烟气净化系统的上游，他们的耐腐蚀性是至关重要的，因为入口区域的环境是非常恶劣的。积灰也是一个问题。

The variation in the absorption capacity in the FGC system can be achieved by:

烟气净化系统中的吸收容量的变化可以通过以下方式实现：

•changing the flow rate using variable speed pumps or variable speed dosing screws;

使用变频泵或可变速给料的螺旋来改变给料量；

•changing the reagent concentration in semi-wet systems – where the mixing tank volume is small enough to ensure an adequate concentration change rate;

改变半干法系统的吸收浆液浓度—制备罐的容量足够小以便确保足够的浓度变化率；（个人理解，因为制备罐太大，导致制备完一次要等很长时间才能用完，会导致调节能力下降。）

•adjusting the ratio of the reagents in FGC systems where multiple reagents or multiple FGC

steps are used.

调整烟气净化系统中的吸收剂剂量，如果有多段烟气净化系统使用的那么调整各种对应的药剂给料量。

Cross-media effects

4.5.3.9.5 跨介质影响（增加的能源消耗或其他影响）

None reported.

没有报道。

Technical considerations relevant to applicability

4.5.3.9.6 技术适用性的考虑

The technique is generally applicable.

这个技术是普遍使用的。

Economics

4.5.3.9.7 经济因素

No information provided.

无信息可提供

Driving force for implementation

4.5.3.9.8 实施动力（该技术的优势）

•As a retrofit at existing plants, to avoid exceeding short-term emission limits.

作为一种现有工厂的改造手段，可以解决短期排放值超标的问题。

•In the design of new plants, to optimise reagent consumption while ensuring compliance with short-term emission requirements.

在新厂设计时，在确保短期排放值（如：小时均值，半小时均值，15分钟均值等）的同时还可以减少吸附剂的耗量。

Example plants

4.5.3.9.9 工厂案例

Applied at incinerators across the EU, e.g.Vitre (FR) (FR002); Cergy, Saint-Ouen L’Aumône

(FR) (FR075); MHKW Bremerhaven, Breme (DE) (DE39); MKVA Krefeld (DE) (DE55.2R); UTE-TEM, Mataró (ES) (ES04); Allington Incinerator (UK) (UK07); Lincoln (UK) (UK12).

适用于全欧盟的的焚烧厂，如：法国Vitre焚烧厂（FR002）；法国Cergy焚烧厂（FR075）；德国Breme焚烧厂；德国MKVA Krefeld焚烧厂；西班牙UTE-TEM焚烧厂；英国Allington焚烧厂；英国Lincoln焚烧厂；

Reference literature

4.5.3.9.10 参考文献

[ 17, ONYX 2000 ], [ 64, TWG 2003 ]